Decisions

How to understand fast and slow thinking

"System 1" and "System 2" are terms used in the field of psychology to describe two different modes of thinking and decision making.

System 1 thinking is often referred to as "fast" or "automatic" thinking. It is the part of our mind that operates quickly and unconsciously, and is responsible for rapid, intuitive decisions based on mental shortcuts, habits, and previous experiences. System 1 thinking is often used when making quick judgments and decisions, such as when we automatically associate certain objects or situations with certain emotions.

System 2 thinking, on the other hand, is often referred to as "slow" or "deliberate" thinking. It is the part of our mind that is responsible for conscious, reflective decision making. System 2 thinking is used when we need to focus and concentrate, or when we are solving complex problems that require effort and attention. This type of thinking is slower and more deliberate, and requires effort and attention.

Here are some examples of System 1 and System 2 thinking:

System 1 thinking:

  • Recognizing a friend's face
  • Determining if someone is angry or happy based on their facial expression
  • Quickly making a decision about what to eat for dinner based on habits or cravings
  • Driving a familiar route without conscious effort
  • Automatically avoiding danger, such as pulling your hand back from a hot stove

System 2 thinking:

  • Solving a difficult math problem
  • Focusing on a task for an extended period of time
  • Making a deliberate choice about a major purchase, such as a car or a house
  • Considering the pros and cons of different job offers
  • Reflecting on past experiences to make a decision about the future.

As you can see, System 1 thinking is often used in situations where quick action is needed, while System 2 thinking is used in situations that require more deliberate thought and attention. Both systems are important and have their own unique strengths and weaknesses, but it's important to be aware of when we're using each system so that we can make the best decisions possible.

When it comes to decision making, these two systems of thinking can have a big impact on our choices and outcomes. System 1 thinking can lead us to make fast, intuitive decisions that may not always be accurate or in our best interest. System 2 thinking, on the other hand, can help us make more informed and deliberate decisions, by slowing down our thinking process and allowing us to weigh the pros and cons of different options.